报告时间：2022年10月19日（星期三）19:00-21:00
2022年10月20日（星期四）19:00-21:00
2022年10月26日（星期三）19:00-21:00
2022年10月27日（星期四）19:00-21:00
2022年11月02日（星期三）19:00-21:00
2022年11月03日（星期四）19:00-21:00
2022年11月09日（星期三）19:00-21:00
2022年11月10日（星期四）19:00-21:00
报告地点：腾讯会议ID：505-025-1600
报 告 人：Mike Benton院士
工作单位：英国布里斯托尔大学
举办单位：资源与环境工程学院
报告人简介：Mike Benton院士，1956 年生，苏格兰人，现为英国布里斯托尔大学地球科学学院教授。2008年当选苏格兰皇家学会院士(FRSE)，2010-2014年任国际古生物学会主席，2014年当选英国皇家学会院士(FRS)，2021年获颁大英帝国勋章(OBE)。Benton院士迄今共发表学术论文400多篇，包括在Nature和Science上的40多篇论文，专著和教材50余本，上述成果共被引用3万多次，H指数92，为当前国际上H指数最高的古生物学家。Benton院士先后担任Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Biological Reviews, Palaeontology等顶级学术期刊的主编或编委，从1986年至今，共培养了70多位博士。
报告简介：
报告题目一：Knowing the unknowable: methods of palaeobiological inference
报告一简介：There has been a revolution in palaeobiology recently. A combination of amazing new specimens and new methods make it possible to test hypotheses about ancient functions like feeding and locomotion. Also, new methods allow us to test their colours. I will explore how palaeontology has become scientific in the last 20 years in this talk.
报告题目二：From fish to tetrapod and origin of limbs
报告二简介：In this talk, we will look at the fin-to-limb transition which is understood in terms of paleontology and genomics.
报告题目三：Macroevolution methods: key questions
报告三简介：Palaeontology can contribute to our understanding of large-scale evolution, as Charles Darwin proposed. We will look at the big questions about rates of evolution, origins and extinctions, as well as how life responds to changes in the Earth environment in this talk.
报告题目四：Macroevolution methods: time trees
报告四简介：In this talk, we will explore in particular methods that can be used to generate accurate time trees, where the phylogeny is combined with fossil-based dating to produce a good basis for macroevolutionary studies.
报告题目五：Introduction to R and applications to Macroevolution: R and basic methods
报告五简介：In the past ten years, some remarkably useful new programs in R have been developed to allow us to explore phylogeny, timetrees, macroevolution, and palaeogeography. We will explore the use of the computer coding language R as a means to study macroevolution in this talk.
报告题目六：Introduction to R and applications to Macroevolution: correlation and model fitting
报告六简介：In this talk, we will look at questions of how we assign causality (= processes) to time series data, such as whether diversity depends on temperature or sea-level change, using R. We especially look at simple model fitting as often a much better way to test such hypotheses.
报告题目七：Patterns of diversity increase and fossil record quality
报告七简介：One of the big questions for palaeontologists to answer is how life diversified from 1 species to 10 million or more species today. In this talk, we will look at the classic analyses from 50 years ago, as well as newer approaches, and the never-ending difficulty of bias and missing data in the fossil record.
报告题目八：Mechanistic models and understanding evolution of biodiversity
报告八简介：One of the big questions for palaeontologists to answer is how life diversified from 1 species to 10 million or more species today. In this talk, we will look at a possible solution presented in 2022, which is to explore mechanistic models, predicting biodiversity based on models that track ocean temperature and productivity over shifting palaeocontinental plates.
报告题目九：The end-Permian mass extinction
报告九简介：Mass extinctions have been a big research topic for fifty years. In this talk, we will look at the mass extinction at the end of the Permian. This illustrates the model, namely hyperthermals driven by volcanic eruption.
报告题目十：The end-Cretaceous mass extinction
报告十简介：Mass extinctions have been a big research topic for fifty years. In this talk, we will look at the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous. This illustrates the model, namely the hyperthermal driven by the asteroid impact.
报告题目十一：Introduction to R and applications to Macroevolution: Paleobiology Database and palaeo-maps
报告十一简介：In the past ten years, some remarkably useful new programs in R have been developed to allow us to explore phylogeny, timetrees, macroevolution, palaeogeography. Here we extend the study of R to a particular application, generating palaeo-maps of data from fossil occurrence data. This topic has practical uses, because we often want to plot attractive and accurate maps for publication. They also have research uses of course, because quantitative tests can be carried out concerning evolution and geographic distribution networks.
报告题目十二：Introduction to R and applications to Macroevolution: plotting time trees
报告十二简介：In the past ten years, some remarkably useful new programs in R have been developed to allow us to explore phylogeny, timetrees, macroevolution, palaeogeography. Here we explore the study of R to a particular application, making time trees from cladistic data.
报告题目十三：Models of macroevolution: rates and trends
报告十三简介：Understanding rates of evolution and trends have been macroevolutionary themes for 100 years, and we look at classic ideas such as Cope’s Rule. We also look at the multiple ways to report trends in evolution of traits, whole anatomies, and species.
报告题目十四：Models of macroevolution: speciation and evolution
报告十四简介：In this talk, we explore the classic debates about punctuated equilibrium, looking at the early work in the 1970s and then through to the present. How exactly do new species form?
报告题目十五：Macroevolution concepts: drivers of biodiversity-methods
报告十五简介：This session explores the largest elements of macroevolution, especially how large changes happen in evolution. We look at external environmental drivers such as changing sea level, continental positions, temperature, oxygen, and carbon dioxide and how they affect evolution.
报告题目十六：Macroevolution concepts: novelties and radiations
报告十六简介：In this session we look at innovation (= origin of new features) to see how big diversifications might be driven (e.g. flight and origin of birds). We also look at ways to measure and explore these data, including by landmarking organism shapes.
